Wednesday 21 December 2022

Merry Christmas


It's nearly Christmas – and, despite everything, the Straitgate saga has continued for yet another year. 

The first half of the year was spent enjoying the freedoms delivered last December by Councillors on Devon County Council’s Development Management Committee, who had refused Aggregate Industries’ planning application to quarry Straitgate Farm. 

Unfortunately, it was not to last. The company appealed the decision, and the second half of the year was spent preparing for the two-week public inquiry in October, participating in it, and waiting for its outcome. 

Let’s hope 2023 will be a positive one. 

We wish all readers a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year.
 

Why is quarrying a problem? AI provides the answers... and a few jokes too

AI says quarrying can cause problems:
Quarrying can have a number of environmental and social impacts. Here are ten of the most significant problems associated with quarrying: 
1. Habitat destruction: Quarrying can involve the removal of large areas of vegetation, which can destroy habitats and disrupt ecosystems.
 
2. Air pollution: Quarrying can generate dust and other air pollutants, which can have negative impacts on human health and the environment.
 
3. Water pollution: Quarrying can also result in the contamination of surface and groundwater, which can have serious impacts on aquatic ecosystems and human health.
 
4. Noise pollution: Quarrying can generate noise that can be a nuisance to people living and working near the quarry.
 
5. Traffic: Quarries can generate significant amounts of traffic, which can cause congestion and air pollution in nearby communities.
 
6. Landscape degradation: Quarries can have a negative impact on the appearance of the local landscape, which can reduce property values and negatively affect tourism.
 
7. Biodiversity loss: Quarrying can result in the loss of biodiversity, as animals and plants are displaced or destroyed.
 
8. Soil erosion: Quarrying can lead to soil erosion, which can reduce soil fertility and productivity.
 
9. Social disruption: Quarries can cause social disruption in nearby communities, as they can generate noise, dust, and traffic.
 
10. Health risks: Quarrying can pose risks to the health of workers and those living and working near the quarry, due to the potential for exposure to dust, noise, and other pollutants.

Apologies to anyone thinking we were referring to another AI, but Aggregate Industries is unlikely to produce a list like that. 

This list was produced by artificial intelligence, specifically the new chatbot ChatGPT that can write text on almost any subject with only the most basic of instructions and is forecast to produce $1 billion in revenue by 2024 for its Microsoft-backed owner OpenAI.
 

We’ve touched on artificial intelligence before, for example AI pins hopes on AI and AI has been all over the news recently

We asked ChatGPT to explain artificial intelligence in simple terms: 
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the ability of a computer or machine to mimic or replicate human cognition, including the ability to learn, reason, and solve problems. In simple terms, AI is the intelligence exhibited by machines or software. This can include a wide range of technologies, from simple algorithms that can recognize patterns in data, to more advanced systems that can simulate human-like decision-making and problem-solving abilities. AI has the potential to revolutionize many fields, from healthcare and transportation to finance and education. 
The chatbot had answers for other subjects too, like why is groundwater important?
Groundwater is important for a number of reasons. First and foremost, it is a critical source of drinking water for many people around the world. In many places, groundwater is the only source of fresh, clean water available, and it is essential for maintaining the health and wellbeing of both communities and individuals. Groundwater is also important for irrigation, which is crucial for growing crops and supporting agriculture. Many farmers and agricultural operations rely on groundwater to water their crops, and in some parts of the world, groundwater is the only source of water available for irrigation. In addition to its practical uses, groundwater also plays an important role in the natural environment. It helps to maintain the health of wetlands and other aquatic ecosystems, and it can help to regulate the flow of rivers and streams. Groundwater can also help to prevent soil erosion and protect against the effects of drought. Overall, groundwater is a vital resource that is essential for supporting life on Earth. It is important to conserve and protect this resource, so that it can continue to provide the many benefits it offers to people and the environment. 
And why is it important to protect heritage assets? 
There are many reasons why it is important to protect heritage assets. Heritage assets are a valuable part of our shared history and cultural identity, and they help to tell the story of who we are as a society. They also provide us with a sense of place and connection to the past, and they can help to foster a sense of community and belonging. Heritage assets are also important from an economic perspective. They can attract tourists and generate revenue for local communities, and they can also provide opportunities for job creation and economic development. In addition, heritage assets can increase the value of nearby properties, and they can contribute to the overall vitality and livability of a community. Furthermore, heritage assets are an important source of information and knowledge about the past. They can provide insight into the history and culture of a particular place, and they can help us to learn about the people and events that have shaped our world. They can also help us to understand the natural environment and the ways in which people have interacted with it over time. Overall, protecting heritage assets is important because they are a valuable part of our shared history and cultural identity, and they offer many benefits to both individuals and society as a whole.
Why should we protect trees? 
There are many reasons why we should protect trees. Here are just a few: 1. Trees provide essential habitat for many species of plants and animals, and are an important part of the Earth's ecosystem. 2. Trees help to regulate the climate and reduce air pollution by absorbing carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. 3. Trees provide many other environmental benefits, such as reducing soil erosion and flooding, and providing shade and shelter from the sun and wind. 4. Trees are also important for human health and well-being. For example, spending time in natural settings such as forests has been shown to improve mental health and reduce stress. 5. Finally, trees are a valuable natural resource that provide many practical benefits, such as timber for building and fuel, and fruits and nuts for food. Protecting trees is essential for maintaining these important resources for future generations. 
Why are hedgerows important? 
Hedgerows are important for a variety of reasons. For one, they provide habitat and shelter for a wide range of plants and animals, including birds, insects, and small mammals. This can help support biodiversity in an area and provide important ecosystem services, such as pollination and pest control. In addition, hedgerows can help prevent soil erosion and can provide a physical barrier to help contain livestock. They can also serve as a visual boundary between properties, helping to define the landscape and providing a sense of place. 
Why should we protect farmland? 
There are many reasons why we should protect farmland. Here are just a few: 1. Farmland is essential for the production of food, which is necessary for human survival. 2. Protecting farmland helps to preserve the natural environment, including the habitats of many species of plants and animals. 3. Farming practices that are sustainable and conservation-oriented can help to reduce soil erosion, water pollution, and other environmental problems. 4. Preserving farmland also helps to support rural communities and the agricultural industry, which are important parts of the economy. 5. Finally, protecting farmland helps to ensure that we have a reliable and secure food supply in the future, as the world's population continues to grow. 
The chatbot even had an answer to the question of whether there are more sustainable ways of producing sand and gravel? 
Yes, there are more sustainable ways of producing sand and gravel. Some of these methods include: 1. Using crushed rock as a substitute for sand and gravel. This can reduce the need to extract natural sand and gravel from rivers and other sources, which can have a negative impact on the environment. 2. Recycling construction waste and using it as a source of sand and gravel. This can help to reduce the amount of waste that ends up in landfills, and can provide a sustainable source of building materials. 3. Using alternative materials such as recycled glass or plastic in place of sand and gravel. This can reduce the demand for natural resources and help to reduce pollution. 4. Implementing responsible mining and quarrying practices, such as restoring mined areas to their original state and using advanced technologies to minimize the environmental impact of sand and gravel production. Overall, there are many ways to produce sand and gravel in a more sustainable manner, and it is important to explore and promote these options to help protect the environment. 
We also asked the chatbot how quarry companies could make their planning applications more appealing for local communities. Judging by the hash Aggregate Industries made of its application to quarry Straitgate Farm, the company could benefit from following the chatbot's advice:
There are several ways that quarry companies can make their planning applications more appealing to local communities: 1. Engage with the community early on in the process: Quarry companies should engage with the local community at an early stage in the planning process to understand their concerns and address them in the application. 2. Consider the impact on the environment: Quarry companies should take steps to minimize the environmental impact of their operations, such as by using environmentally-friendly practices or implementing measures to reduce noise and dust pollution. 3. Offer benefits to the community: Quarry companies can offer benefits to the local community, such as funding for community projects or employment opportunities, to help build support for their planning application. 4. Be transparent and open to feedback: Quarry companies should be transparent about their operations and be open to feedback and suggestions from the local community. 5. Communicate effectively: Quarry companies should communicate clearly and effectively with the local community to ensure that they understand the proposed project and its potential benefits and impacts. By following these steps, quarry companies can make their planning applications more appealing to local communities and increase the chances of their application being approved.
And its advice on greenwashing might be worth following too: 
Greenwashing is the practice of making false or misleading claims about the environmental benefits of a product or service in order to promote it as being more environmentally friendly than it actually is. While greenwashing can be an effective marketing strategy in the short term, it can ultimately backfire on companies that are found to be engaging in it. In the long term, greenwashing can erode trust and credibility with consumers, as well as lead to legal and reputational risks for the company. In addition, the increasing awareness and concern about environmental issues among consumers means that they are more likely to be skeptical of greenwashing claims and to do their own research before making purchasing decisions. Therefore, while greenwashing may be effective in the short term as a marketing tactic, it is not a sustainable or ethical approach to business, and can ultimately do more harm than good for a company's reputation and bottom line.
And what about one of the big questions that occupied the planning inquiry? Will the pH of spring water sources from the Budleigh Salterton Pebble Beds be reduced if the travel time of groundwater in the unsaturated zone is reduced? 
It is possible that the pH of spring water sources from the Budleigh Salterton Pebble Beds could be reduced if the travel time of groundwater in the unsaturated zone is reduced. The pH of water is influenced by a variety of factors, including the geochemistry of the rocks and minerals through which the water flows and the presence of dissolved gases and ions. If the travel time of groundwater in the unsaturated zone is reduced, it is likely that the water will have less time to interact with the rocks and minerals through which it flows. This could result in a reduction in the concentration of certain ions, such as bicarbonate and carbonate, which can buffer the water and help to maintain a neutral or alkaline pH. If the concentration of these ions is reduced, the water may become more acidic. It is worth noting that the pH of spring water can also be affected by other factors, such as the presence of pollutants or the acidity of the air. Therefore, it is important to consider all of these factors when evaluating the potential impact of reduced travel time on the pH of spring water sources.
You have to pinch yourself that a human isn't somewhere behind the scenes typing out the responses.

The chatbot even tells jokes. We asked it to tell one involving Devon, some cows and a quarry: 
Why did the cows in Devon refuse to go near the quarry? Because they heard it was a rocky relationship!
And then another: 
Why did the cows in Devon go on strike? They were fed up with the quarry constantly moooving their grass! 
And then another:
A farmer in Devon had a problem with his cows constantly wandering into the local quarry. He tried everything to keep them out, but nothing seemed to work. Finally, in desperation, he went to the quarry owner and asked for help. 
The quarry owner thought for a moment and then had an idea. He went to the local theater and hired a group of actors to dress up in cow costumes and stand at the entrance to the quarry. 
The next day, when the farmer's cows approached the quarry, they saw the "cows" standing there and turned around and went back to the farm. 
The farmer was amazed and asked the quarry owner how he managed to solve the problem. The quarry owner replied, "Oh, it was easy. I just gave them a preview of the moo-vies!"
OK, not great. But – given the impact that bovine movements have had on Aggregate Industries' plans for Straitgate Farm – slightly uncanny.
   

‘The inequality that is wrecking our atmosphere’

Our Changing Climate is a YouTube channel with a bi-weekly video essay series that investigates humanity's relationship to the natural world. 

In one of its videos, the narrator says: 
... eleven people dressed in suits walk into a conference room in Switzerland. They sit down and begin to decide the fate of the world... 
He is referring to the parent of Aggregate Industries, polluting cement giant Holcim, which has a starring role in the video. We have set it to start at the relevant location. Feel free to watch the whole thing.

Thursday 15 December 2022

Climate activists target Lafarge Holcim cement plant

Aggregate Industries’ parent company – a company responsible for more than 7bn tonnes of CO2 emissions between 1950 and 2021 – has been targeted by climate activists in France. Cement is responsible for around 8 percent of all greenhouse gases.

Monday 5 December 2022

River Yealm polluted again

In November 2020, we posted Devon quarry operator pollutes River Yealm. The pollution incident was investigated by an environment officer, who "traced it back to a quarry operation further up the catchment." The Environment Agency said "rainfall had caused contaminated run-off to escape the containment area of a quarry-related operation and enter the river.


Today, just two years later, it was reported that the River Yealm has been polluted again:
 

EDIT 6.12.22 

The source of pollution has now been identified. More than 12 miles of waterways are affected:
The Environment Agency (EA) said it was trying to stop the contaminant being discharged in the River Piall, which flows into the River Yealm, in the South Hams. 

The EA declined to reveal the source of the pollution due to possible enforcement action.

Imagine the headlines if AI wrecked the drinking water supplies around Straitgate

Aggregate Industries is prepared to risk the natural spring water supplies around Straitgate Farm – relied upon by many, including Grade I Cadhay – without ANY idea what alternatives could feasibly be supplied, as its proposed unilateral undertaking confirms.

In its quest for an immaterial amount of sand and gravel – immaterial as far as any shortfall in Devon’s landbank is concerned – the company is prepared to risk permanently destroying a natural source of drinking water that has supplied local people for in some cases hundreds and in other cases thousands of years

You can imagine the headlines if the worst were to happen. Aggregate Industries destroys centuries-old water supply to grade I listed tudor manor house, might be one. Aggregate Industries leaves more than 120 people not knowing how drinking water supplies will be replaced, might be another. Experts warned this would happen, another. 

In fact, you don’t have to imagine. Water supplies were lost elsewhere in Devon last week – receiving the sort of media coverage you might expect. 

The difference? In South Devon the loss is temporary. At Straitgate it could be permanent.